Biol 315, Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy
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Syllabus, 2006
Instructor: Dr.
Thomas C. LaDuke
Office
Hours: Mon: 1-3
Office:
Moore 128
Wed:
1-3
Phone:
422-3520
Thu: 2-3
e-mail:
tcladuke@po-box.esu.edu
Course
Description: This class
explores the anatomical similarities and differences among
the
vertebrate classes, while explaining the evolutionary development of
current anatomical diversity.
Biomechanics and functional design of vertebrates are also
considered. In the laboratory,
a series
of representative vertebrates is dissected in order to familiarize
students with
the specific
components of the various systems and to provide experience in
dissection.
Objectives:
1)
Students will
learn basic concepts of evolution and classification as
applied to vertebrates.
2)
Students will
examine theories about the evolutionary origins and
relationships of chordates.
3)
Students will
learn about the basic stages involved in vertebrate
development.
4)
Students will
learn the components of, and diversity of form of the
following systems:
a)
integument, b)
skeletal, c) muscular, d) digestive, e) respiratory, f)
circulatory, g) urinary,
h) reproductive, I) endocrine, j)
nervous, and k)
sensory
5) Students will learn about the functional morphology of locomotion
and feeding in
representative
vertebrates.
Students
will have opportunities to ask
questions in class, but extensive
questions about course material, grades, or
exams should be brought to office
hours.
Exams must be taken on the scheduled date. Write these dates on your
calendar. Makeup exams will only be
given to students
who provide documented
evidence of a family or health emergency, and may be of
a different format from
the regularly scheduled exam. Makeup exams
will be given at a time of the
instructor’s
choosing.
If you have a documented learning disability, you may be entitled to certain considerations, such as extra time during the exams. You must see me prior to the exam date to make the appropriate arrangements.
Lecture
Schedule:
Changes coming soon.
| Lecture | Topic | Reading |
| 1 |
What is comparative anatomy? Evolution, homology | Ch.
1, 1-20 |
| 2 |
Systematics and paleontology | Ch.
1, 20-43 |
| 3 |
The protochordates
|
Ch. 2 |
| 4 |
Protochordates continued | |
| 5 |
The diversity of vertebrates | Ch. 3 |
| 6 |
Development | Ch. 5: 159-170, 187-205 |
| 7 |
The integument | Ch. 6: 208-223 |
| 8 |
Integumentary derivatives |
Ch. 6: 223-230 |
| 9 |
Bone, structure, development. Begin Skull | Ch. 7 |
| 10 |
The skull |
Ch. 7 |
| 11 |
The visceral skeleton | Ch. 7 |
| 12 |
Postcranial axial skeleton | Ch. 8 |
| 13 |
Appendicular skeleton | Ch. 9 |
| 14 |
Exam 1 |
|
| 15 |
Muscle |
Ch 10 |
| 16 |
Biomechanics and allometry |
Ch. 4 |
| 17 |
Locomotion: terrestrial
|
|
| 18 |
Locomotion: adaptations to fossoriality | |
| 19 |
Locomotion: swimming and flight | |
| 20 |
Feeding | |
| 21 |
Digestive system: mouth and pharynx | Ch.
13 |
| 22 |
Digestive system: visceral | Ch.
13 |
| 23 |
Digestive specializations | Ch.
13 |
| 24 |
Respiratory system: aquatic respiration | Ch.
11 |
| 25 |
Respiratory system: aerial resp. | Ch.
11 |
| 26 |
Respiratory
specializations |
Ch.
11 |
| 27 |
Exam 2 |
|
| 28 |
Circulatory system: the Blood and blood vessels | Ch.
12 |
| 29 |
Circulatory system: the heart | Ch.
12 |
| 30 |
Circulatory system: circulatory specializations | Ch.
12 |
| 31 |
The urinary system | Ch. 14:511-528 |
| 32 |
Reproductive system (Male) |
Ch. 14:529-530, 537-546 |
| 33 |
Reproductive system (Female) | Ch. 14:532-537, 553-554 |
| 34 |
The endocrine system (endocrine
organs) |
Ch.
15 |
| 35 |
The nervous system
|
Ch.
16 |
| 36 |
The
brain |
Ch.
16 |
| 37 |
Chemoreceptors |
Ch. 17:654-664 |
| 38 |
The mechanoreceptors and electroreceptors | Ch. 17:675-695 |
| 39 |
The ear |
Ch. 17:675-695 |
| 40 |
The ear continued | Ch. 17:675-695 |
| 41 |
The eye and other radiation receptors | Ch. 17:664-675 |
| 42 |
The eye continued | Ch. 17:664-675 |
| 43 |
Final Exam, 11AM to 1 PM |
The laboratory is
an integral part of the comparative anatomy
class. Its importance is reflected in
its
relative contribution to your final grade.
In this portion of the class, students will learn the parts
of the
various systems through observation of specimens and through dissection. A dissection kit
will be required beginning
on the fifth week. A lab coat is
recommended.
Required laboratory text: Fishbeck and
Sebastiani, 2001. Comparative Anatomy:
Manual of
Vertebrate Dissection. Morton Publishing Company, Englewood, CO. 358 pp.
Laboratory Schedule
| Date |
Lab |
Topic |
Text
reference |
| 8-28 | 1 |
Protochordates, Lamprey | Ch.
1-4 |
| 9- 4 | 2 |
Vertebrate
diversity, Integument, begin skull |
Chapters 5, 14, & 23 |
| 9-11 | 3 |
Skull,
continued |
Ch. 6:55-61, 15:143 -147, & 24:209-216 |
| 9-18 |
4 |
Postcranial skeleton | Ch. 6:62-66, 15:147 -150, & 24:216-226 |
| 9-25 |
5 |
Practical
Exam I |
|
| 10-2 |
6 |
Muscles of the shark | Ch. 7 |
| 10-9 |
7 |
Muscles of the mudpuppy. Begin cat dissection | Ch.
16, 25 |
| 10-16 |
8 |
Muscles
of the cat (continued) |
Ch.
25 |
| 10-23 |
9 |
Muscles
of the cat (continued) |
Ch.
25 |
| 10-30 |
10 |
Practical Exam II | |
| 11-6 |
11 |
Digestive, respiratory and urogenital systems | Ch. 8-10, 17-19, 26-28 |
| 11-13 |
12 |
Circulatory system (Shark & cat) | Chapters 11 and 29 |
| 11-20 |
13 |
Nervous
system (Shark & cat) |
Chapters 12 and 30 |
| 12-4 |
14 |
Practical Exam III |
Laboratory Policies:
Students are
responsible for lab bench cleanup and proper care and maintenance of
lab
specimens and equipment. Dissection
specimens are preserved in varying combinations of formalin,
phenol, and other
noxious compounds. Avoid directly
inhaling fumes and do not allow concentrated
fumes to contact your eyes,
especially if you wear contact lenses.
Contact lens wearers are
advised to wear glasses on laboratory
days. Dissection gloves will be
provided. Safe use of dissection
tools will be demonstrated and is thereafter
the responsibility of the student.
Grades:
| Lecture Exam I….20% | Lab Practical I…..10% |
| Lecture Exam II..20% | Lab Practical II….10% |
| Final Exam…….….20% | Lab Practical III…10% |
| Dissection.........10% |
|
| Total...……....…..60% |
….............………..40% |
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