Reference Format: ENVS
Senior Seminar
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Refer to the grading rubric for paper
format.
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References within the body of the text:
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Any Reference: book, journal
or edited work
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1 author
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General: at the end of the sentence
paraphrasing a particular research study (Author's last name, year of publication).
Note: period goes at the end of the citation.
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Example: In the assessment of
stream restoration success, most monitoring studies lack sufficient time
to establish functionality (Smith, 1992).
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2 authors
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General: use last names of the
authors and the year of the publication.
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Example: In studies of wolf depredation
it is difficult to tell, unless the wolf was actually seen, whether the
death of livestock was due to predation or other causes (Bennett and Cannon,
1982).
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3 authors
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general: use the first author's
name, el al. and the year.
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Example: Red algae dominate the
summer flora of the Chincoteague (Jewett-Smith, et. al, 2002).
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References in the literature cited
section: Follow that of the Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
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Book Reference
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General: Author last name.
Initials. (add authors as necessary, be sure to include them all.
Et al is not used in the literature cited section) Year. Title
of publication in italics. City and publisher. Total number of
pages of the publication.
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Example: Adami C. 1998. Artificial
Life VI. Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Artif. Life. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
498 pp.
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Journal Article Reference
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General: Author last name.
Initials. (other authors) . . Year. Title of article. Title
of journal in italics. Volume number: page start - page finish.
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Example: Bull JJ, Jacobson A,
Badgett MR, Molineux IJ. 1998. Viral escape from antisense
RNA. Mol. Microbiol. 28:835-46.
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Article in conference proceedings or
edited compilation
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General: Author last name. Initials.
(other authors) . . Year. Title of chapter or article. In (the
name of the publication in italics). Editors. Pages in the publication.
City and publisher.
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Example: Baker CS, Palumbi SR.
1996. Population structure, molecular systematics, and forensic identification
of whales and dolphins. In Conservation Genetics: Case Histories
from Nature, ed. JC Avise, JL Hamrick, pp. 10 -49. New York:
Chapman & Hall.