0	Emphasis is on passive learning strategies (where students are passive recipients of information from the candidate or textbook) that reinforce regurgitation of facts, void of any context or perceived need, instead of critical analysis and self-reflection.
1	Displays willingness to follow the learning cycle but needs support to do so, relying mainly on methodologies where students are passive recipients of knowledge and consistently neglecting opportunities for exploration before explanation and evaluation after explanation.
2	With some support is able to encourage critical analysis and self-reflection by employing active learning strategies like introducing terms and content after students have had the opportunity to explore the phenomena and recognize the need for the terms and content.
3	Independently encourages critical analysis and self-reflection by employing active learning strategies (that involve investigation, presentations, discussions, etc.) where terms and content are introduced after students have had the opportunity to explore the phenomena and recognize the need for the terms and content.

Last updated: June, 2005.

rcohen@po-box.esu.edu